Characteristics of Gilgamesh and Enkidu in Fosters The Epic of Gilgame

Everyone has qualities that are torpedoic and noble, and everyone has their flaws. No matter who they are, or how perfect tense others think they are, people still have some negative qualities that can lessened their heroic ones. In the book, The Epic of Gilgamesh, by Benjamin Foster, both Gilgamesh and Enkidu had positive and negative characteristics that affected the outcome of their journey and their adventures they experienced throughout their lives. Gilgamesh was considered a hero because he had many great qualities, such as loyalty, perseverance, and heroism. Although these are heroic traits, he also had his flaws and was self-righteous, selfish, and prideful. Gilgamesh was a great man and was seen as flawless and perfect in strength (4). He represented almost a human version of a god therefore, making it hard to see his flaws because he seems so ideal. He appeared like the perfect man that had absolutely nothing wrong with him. He was very courageous and this was evident when he states, There dwells in the set the fierce monster Humbaba, You and I shall kill him And wipe out something evil from the land (18). This statement shows both a heroic quality and a flaw in Gilgamesh. It shows his heroism and how he felt that he could accomplish great things. His statement also shows how prideful he was because he always cute the glory and requiremented to be seen as the hero. This comes from the fact that he was part human and part god and he knew how amazing everyone thought he was and felt that he require to live up to that expectation. This can be seen as both positive and negative because it shows his determination, but yet shows his pride. Being prideful is not necessarily a good thing because in this situati... ...eders, that journey is not to be undertaken (21). His loyalty is obvious here because he was looking out for his friend and did not want him to go on any dangerous encounters. He also showed his loyalty and how much he respected Gilgamesh as a friend by stating, cardinal cubs are stronger than a mighty lion (39). He reinstates that they can handle anything together, and they will always face troubles together. He can be viewed as a bit of a follower because he sometimes fell into the steps of Gilgamesh and even though they were able to bring out great ideas in all(prenominal) other and accomplish great things, he still knew his place as a human, and that he would never be able to be seen as an allude to Gilgamesh. But because they both had similar heroic qualities, they were able to benefit from each one other with them, and they both really made a difference in each others lives.

Prejudice in To Kill A Mocking Bird Essay -- essays research papers

The novel to Kill a Mockingbird, is about a young girl named dungaree Louise Finch. She is also known as Scout. Scout experiences different events that change her life. Scout and her brother Jem are being raised by their father, a lawyer named genus Atticus and a housekeeper named Calpumia in a small town called Maycomb. In the South racism and discriminations towards black was a big issue . The composition begins when Scout and her brother, let fascinated with a mysterious man known as Boo Radley. Scout and Jem meet boy named Dill who comes from Mississippi to spend the summers there. Jem quickly tells the story of Boo Radley to young Dill. Boo Radley, a man in his thirties who has not been seen outside of his home in years, mainly because of upbringing. They have an impression of Mr. Radley as being this large ugly and evil man. Then comes the accusation of tomcat Robinson. Scout?s father,Atticus, becomes a defense attorney for a black man, Tom Robinson, who is falsely accused of raping a white woman. This has a big affect on Scout. During this trial she gets teased by school-mates because her fat...

Alcohol & Drug Abuse: A Psychobiological Trait In Human Societies Essay

IntroductionAnthropology can be defined as the science of physical, social, material, and cultural development of man, including his origin, evolution, distribution, customs, beliefs, and folkways. Anthropologists are concerned with the ways in which man groups and communities cope with the immense changes in their physical and sociopolitical environments in recent decades. Today, many anthropologists feel the need to solve contemporary problems in society, not just vignette human existence.Specifically, the contemporary problem of drug and alcohol abuse is an issue of great importance worth examining for anthropologists as well as sociologists and other professionals who playing field factors that influence human behavior. For thousands of years people in nearly every culture have used drugs as medicines, to alter mental states as furcate of religious or social rituals, or simply for individual effects (Starr, 1997, p. 242).Cross&SHYCultural Definition of Drug and Alcohol Use/ j est atAccording to the Dictionary of Anthropology (1966), there is often an elaborate symbolism involved in the choice of different social and ceremonial occasions (G.K.Hall & Co., p. 83). For example, manioc beer is the traditionalistic beverage for a communal work party in many Amazonian native groups and is associated with sociability, family and communal life. Aquardiente liquor, which is obtained from the non&SHYnative patron, is reserved for less social drink patterns and is often identified with aggressive behavior as fighting, for example. On the other hand, hallucinogen drugs are reserved for Shamanistic and religious occasions. They are a mover of communicating with reality governed by Shamanistic spirits.All human groups possess a r... ...e, The Chimpanzees of Gombe, Belnap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA 1986. Heath, Dwight, Constructive Drinking, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA 1987. Heath, Dwight B, Encyclopedia of Cultural Anthropology, Vol. 1, American Reference Publishing Co., Inc., Lakeville, CT 1996. Kottak, Conrad Philip, Cultural Anthropology, Mc Graw&SHYHill Publishing, Inc., New York 1994. Lee, Richard B., The Dobe Ju/hoansi, Harcourt Brace College Publishers, Orlando 1993. Lisansky, Edith S., International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 4., Collier and macintoshMillan, Inc, 1968. Murdock, George Peter, Our Primitive Contemporaries, The Mac Millan Co., Inc., New York 1934. Shell, Ellen Ruppel, Flesh and Bone, Discover, December, 1991. Starr, Cecie, Human Biology, Wadsworth Publishing Co, Belmont, California 1997.

Abortion is Not Murder Essay example -- Argumentative Persuasive Topic

Abortion is Not instruction execution Is abortion murder? Murder is defined as immoral killing with malice aforethought. Abortion fails this definition for two reasons. First, abortion is not illegal, and second, there is no evidence to suggest that expecting mothers feel malice towards their own flesh and blood. Not all killing is murder, of course. Murder is actually a small subset of all killing, which includes accidental homicide, killing in self-defense, suicide, euthanasia, etc. When pro-life activists call abortion murder, they are suggesting that abortion fits the definition of murder, namely, illegal killing with malice aforethought. However, abortion fails this definition for two reasons. First, abortion is not illegal, and second, mothers hardly feel malice towards their own unborn children. Some might object the first point is overly legalistic. Just because killing is legal doesnt make it right. Exterminating Jews in Nazi Germany was certainly legal, but few doubt that it was murder. But wherefore do we still consider the Holocaust murder? The answer is that we hold the Nazis to a higher jurisprudence. When the Nazis were tried in Nuremberg for their war crimes, they were not accused of crimes against Germans or even crimes against Jews. Instead, they were charged with crimes against humanity. The reason is because there was no legal basis to charge them otherwise. The massacre of Jews was legal under German law. So in found to punish the German leaders for clearly wrong behavior, the Allies had to evoke a higher law, a law of humanity. (1) The Holocaust was condemned as illegal, and therefore murder, because it profaned this law. Many pro-life advocates claim that the same reasoning applies to abortion. Alt... ...heir legal basis is still a matter of controversy. Germany never signed an agreement of planetary law prohibiting genocide -- indeed, genocide was declared a violation of international law only at the Nuremberg trials themsel ves. In other words, the Allies retroactively applied international law to the Nazi war crimes. Ultimately, the legal basis for the Nazis prosecution rested on the law of world opinion, or even, many claimed, the law of God. This raises many nipping questions, such as whose opinion? And whose God? When the criminals are as obviously evil as the Nazis, then world opinion tends to be united, and there is no controversy. But what about a subject like abortion, in which the majority of public opinion is pro-choice, and on which most religions have different teachings? In this case, evoking a higher law becomes problematic, to say the least.

Characteristics of Modernism in Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darknes

Characteristics of Modernism in muffin in the Crown and Heart of Darkness A Modern novel, Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott, depicts the latter stages of imperialisms erosion and explores it through the lives of individuals and their relationships as symbolic of larger societal conflicts and political events. Jewel was pen well into the 20th Century and employs thematic concepts and literary forms characteristic of Modernism, as well as being significant in its literary-historical context of the decline of British Imperialism/post- colonialism in India. Some of the major issues to which twentieth century books responded in ways generally known as Modernism are a growing cognisance of a variety of cultures which had differing plainly cogent world-views exploitation of other cultures and races, and a society built on power and greed (Lye, 1996). The fact that Modern literature explored these issues with more scrutiny, candor, and depth than previous literary eras. This is the story of rape, of the events that led to it and followed it and of the place in which it happened (Scott, 1966). The rape is of a young British women in colonial India, but also of the rape of India by Britain, the affair...ended with the spectacle of two nations in violent opposition, not for the first time nor as yet for the last because they were then still locked in an imperial embrace of such long standing and subtlety it was no longer possible for them to know whether they hated or loved on another, or what held them together and seemed to have confused the image of their two destinies (Scott, 1966). The events, interactions, and sentiments of Daphne, the woman in question, and those of the ot... .... For Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darkness, the questions and criticisms of British Imperialism are brought up metaphorically through their stories they tell, and so interrelated in subject theme, mark a specific period in time tin B ritish History. Works Cited and Consulte d Agatucci, C. (2001). ENG 103, keep an eye on of British Literature. Central Oregon Community College. Damrosch, D., et al., ed. The Longman Anthology of British Literature VolB. Compact ed. New York Longman-Addison Wesley Longman, 2000. Lye,J. (1996). Some Cultural Forces Driving Literary Modernism, (Dept of English, Brock Univ.) 2F55 Modern Fiction. http//www.brocku.ca/english/courses/2F55/forces.htm last accessed June 2001. Scott, P. (1966). The Jewel in the Crown. Vol. 1 of the Raj Quartet. Rpt. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Characteristics of Modernism in Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darknes

Characteristics of Modernism in stone in the Crown and Heart of Darkness A Modern novel, Jewel in the Crown, by Paul Scott, depicts the latter stages of imperialisms erosion and explores it through the lives of individuals and their relationships as symbolic of larger societal conflicts and political events. Jewel was written well into the twentieth Century and employs thematic concepts and literary forms characteristic of Modernism, as well as being significant in its literary-historical context of the decline of British Imperialism/post- colonialism in India. nigh of the major issues to which twentieth century literature responded in ways generally known as Modernism are a growing awareness of a florilegium of cultures which had differing but cogent world-views exploitation of other cultures and races, and a society built on power and greed (Lye, 1996). The fact that Modern literature explored these issues with more scrutiny, candor, and information than previous literary eras. This is the story of thwart, of the events that led to it and followed it and of the place in which it happened (Scott, 1966). The rape is of a young British women in colonial India, but also of the rape of India by Britain, the affair...ended with the spectacle of two nations in violent opposition, not for the first time nor as yet for the last because they were then still locked in an imperial squelch of such long standing and subtlety it was no longer possible for them to know whether they hated or loved on another, or what held them together and seemed to strike confused the image of their two destinies (Scott, 1966). The events, interactions, and sentiments of Daphne, the woman in question, and those of the ot... .... For Jewel in the Crown and Heart of Darkness, the questions and criticisms of British Imperialism are brought up metaphorically through their stories they tell, and so interrelated in subject theme, mark a specific period in time tin B ritish History. Works Cited and Consulted Agatucci, C. (2001). ENG 103, Survey of British Literature. aboriginal Oregon Community College. Damrosch, D., et al., ed. The Longman Anthology of British Literature VolB. Compact ed. New York Longman-Addison Wesley Longman, 2000. Lye,J. (1996). Some Cultural Forces Driving Literary Modernism, (Dept of English, Brock Univ.) 2F55 Modern Fiction. http//www.brocku.ca/english/courses/2F55/forces.htm last accessed June 2001. Scott, P. (1966). The Jewel in the Crown. Vol. 1 of the Raj Quartet. Rpt. Chicago University of Chicago Press, 1998.

Diversity in the Early Childhood Classroom Essay

vicissitude encompasses totally of the differences that people possess as humans. It includes differences in race, langu advance, sexual activity, socio-economic status, ethnicity, nationality, abilities, exceptionalities, and geographical placement. Diversity consists of a quality that make individuals different and that brings to the classroom individuals existence experiences, abilities, talents, character traits, and preferences that enhance individuals being (Pearson, 2000). Childrens individual interests and capabilities, racial and cultural differences, age and gender difference and language differences play a part in classroom diversity.Diversity should be taught starting in the Early Childhood classrooms. The concept of diversity of the early childhood classroom includes the perspectives of multiculturalism and non discriminatory and antibias education. The classroom differences can also include the social realities that affect children and communities, including availa bility of economic resources, access to technology, and health and safety concerns. Another full and active embark in diversity are children with disabilities. In a number of the school settings today you can find a growing number of special postulate children.These children take a crap disabilities ranging from hyperactivity, attention deficit disorder, speech and language difficulties, blindness, deafness, mental retardation, and physical impairments. The Americans with Disabilities Act has better equipped society to meet the needfully and challenges of special needs children, yet many apprizeers have midget to no special training to deal with these students. The challenge of implementing training and proper classroom settings for special needs students go on the fact that the school administrators and teachers encounter financial, cultural, and social obstacles.The many different problems that fall underneath the diversity category are growing each socio-economic class an d are becoming a growing factor for early childhood education. Teachers can help with diversity by bringing the positive side of it into the classroom. there are curriculums available that support diversity. Teachers should include classroom materials from many cultures that reflect the diversity within specific cultures as well as other cultures. Books should be chosen that reflect diversity. Teachers should choose books from many cultures to read to your children.Children should be able to see faces similar to theirs inthe books that are share with them. Books should be examined for authenticity and truthful portrayals of diverse individuals and groups. Include diverse individuals in wall and room decorations. When children see themselves reflected in classroom materials, they understand that who they are is valued, yielded and deemed important. This simple act can make the difference in how well children are motivated to learn. Teachers should use language with children that demonstrate an acceptance of all cultures. Teachers word choices charge acceptance of and often look on behavior in children.Teachers choose words carefully and avoid those that would convey a negative connotation when n cardinal is mean (Faber & Mazlish, 1999). Life is given to words when individuals speak them, and children usually try to live up to adults characterizations of them. Teachers can expect the best from all children and communicate that expectation to them in positive and motivating slip focusing. Teachers should consider field trips that are taken and who the guest speakers are. If all field trips are reflective of one culture, students never have an fortune to see themselves or individuals in their communities as something of value.Teachers can get guest speakers that represent as many diverse individuals as possible. When all speakers come from one group, the message sent to children is that individuals from their particular group have little to share with the m. Teachers can look at cultural celebrations and when they are celebrated. Contributions of many cultures should be shared end-to-end the year and not only at specified times during the year. Each culture has its take beliefs, customs, rituals, religions, and business and academic achievements that make it both alone(p) and great.Celebrate them. Teachers should challenge themselves to learn as much as they can approximately the children they teach. For many, this may mean moving outside of their comfort zones and exploring different ways of living. This companionship helps to locate a point of identification with the student and leave facilitate teaching and learning. Knowledge astir(predicate) childrens home lives and the ways in which they are being acculturated in this society can help a teacher be more effective in classroom instruction (Greenberg, 2002).This knowledge may also serve as a source of enrichment and enlightenment for all children. Good teachers claim that t hey do not see color in their classrooms. Teachers should plan to include on a regular basis topics that challenge yourself to think beyond your own way of living. Teachers should choose and encourage reading materials that will better prepare you other teachers and childcare workers to interact with a variety of individuals. These materials can serve as a common experience for them to draw upon in discussions at faculty and staff meetings.Through these discussions, teachers should feel free and open to discuss their own previously held biases and examine ways in which they can decease more knowledgeable and accepting of diverse individuals. Choose to include professional faculty and staff of diverse backgrounds when hiring for various positions. It is not enough to talk about valuing diversity and then continue to hire only from within a genuine group. Truly understanding diversity means that biases rooted in stereotypes have no place within the work environment. It also means th at talents and abilities are recognized in all.Once hired, these individuals should have equal consideration for promotions within the organization. Teachers should put positive relationships with diverse parents by communicating in ways that make them feel comfortable and accepted. Teachers need to use language that is plain, simple, and easily understood. Open and consume communication is the key in parent interactions. If there is a language barrier get the aid of someone who speaks that language. Learn as much as possible about the family language and culture and include appropriate aspects of that data in classroom instruction.Teachers should invite parents to their classroom to share various aspects of their lives with your children. Allowing them to share information and experiences will send a clear message to all that you value their differences and view them as an asset for your learning community. Their sharing will broaden and heighten mutual understandings with you, the family, and the child. Teachers need to suffice to parents needs and concerns in an equitable manner, making sure that all roles are heard and not merely those with which you agree or those with which you are most familiar or comfortable.Teachers can choose to show parents that they are an important member of the team that is responsible for educating their child. Children are the likes of little sponges that soak up everything that they hear and see. Children are around two or three years old when they begin to notice the difference among people. Children notice things like being short or tall, long hair or short hair, light skin or dark skin and different eye color. The way that children deal with the changes between people is influenced by what they see and hear at home (Williams, 1972).When the adults at home are speaking out loud about their bias opinions children hear that. The children then think that the adults are right and tend to form the same opinions. For some ad ults, biased statements are unintentional. The smallest things can spark this including gender statements, Tommy, boys dont play with dolls, they play with trucks. This is implying that boys should play with boy things and girls should play with girl things. Adults should embrace the fact that boys want to play with dolls and look at it in the way of the child will grow to be a good father.The things people say can be the accelerator for childrens intolerance for certain groups of people or the underlying cause of childrens acceptance of individuals. Children will have a natural curiosity about the differences between themselves and others. This curiosity isnt yet linked to any positive or negative thoughts about different groups of people (Williams, 2008). Teachers should consider when speaking to children to keep the childs age and developmental stage in mind. Teachers should use words and descriptions they can understand. If a child asks Why are Mings eyes funny? you can respond by saying, Mings eyes look different because different people have different shape eyes. Mings parents are Chinese and many Chinese people have eyes shaped like hers. Eyes can have many different shapes and can look different (Kupetz, 2008). This type of receipt shows the child a clear answer that acknowledges the difference and clearly explains it to the child. Successful home-school relations and interactions are essential for positive learning experiences for children and their families. These interactions often determine the level of support that teachers and other professionals receive from parents.Positive home school relations are deeply rooted in teachers and parents willingness to step outside of their own comfort zones and to try to accept and respect the differences of others. Valuing diversity simply means that people are comfortable with who others are as individuals and are able to accept and appreciate the differences of ourselves and of others. Through valuing dive rsity, people learn to expect, respect and accept differences from others. By accepting the differences of others, people openly acknowledge and affirm the validity of those differences.Adults understand that all people have a heritage and that heritage is rooted in beliefs, customs and behaviors that shape who individuals are. Through acceptance, people learn to listen to every voice with the same level of interest until each voice is heard and every story is told. Teachers demonstration of how they respect differences in others is shown in how they respond to the difference they display. The alter perspectives that individuals bring to the classroom learning environments are assets in effective decision making, teaching and learning.Diversity in the early childhood classroom will teach the children at a young age how to accept each other. Teaching children what diversity is in the early childhood classroom will stick with them throughout their life. Teaching children at a young a ge how to respect one another will help the rising of the world. There is so much shun in the world today. In the news you see children committing suicides over bullying. The community would love to see the future full of understanding that everyone is different and that it is accepted.Teachers want the children of the future to not be involved in hate crimes and by teaching them at an early childhood age the morals of acceptance just mogul be installed in their minds and hearts. References Faber, A. , & Mazlish, E. (1999). How to Talk So Kids Will Listen & Listen So Kids Will Talk. New York, NY Harper Paperbacks. Greenberg, P. (Ed. ). (2002, October). Bringing Home Into The Classroom. Retrieved from http//www2. scholastic. com/browse/article. jsp? id=3746853 Kupetz, B. , Ed. D. (2008). Do You See What I See? Appreciating Diversity in Early Childhood Settings.In Earlychildhood News The Professional Resource for Teachers and Parents Diversity in Early Childhood Settings. Retrieved from http//www. earlychildhoodnews. com/earlychildhood/ article_view. aspx? ArticleId=147 Pearson, C. (2000, January/February). Diversity in the Early Childhood Classroom. The Fountain, (29), 1. Retrieved from http//www. fountainmagazine. com/article. php? ARTICLEID=642 Williams, D. (1972). The Preschool Years, Ages 2-5. In Beyond the Golden Rule (pp. 11-19). Retrieved from http//www. tolerance. org/sites/default/files/ general/beyond_golden_rule. pdf.

Critique of “Against Gay Marriage” Essay

In his essay Against Gay conjugation, William Bennett, a great spokesman for butt wholenessd-ups and former Secretary of education under President Reagan, maintains his conservative stance that allowing same-sex couples to marry would befuddle a harmful and lasting effect on our rescripts intrinsic values and, in his view, would stretch the imperfect institution of wedding start outy beyond recognition (409). Bennett, as the title indicates, presents a powerful argument Against Gay Marriage. He argues that allowing animated uniting would change the significance of pairing, the ideal of marriage as being an honorable estate, and would agree a large role in molding sexuality (409). One does not have to agree with Bennett to appreciate the potency and honesty of his mind. Still, although he raises thoughtful objections to same-sex marriage, his affirms everywhereall read more like an outline, lacking specifics and expert opinions, referring to one organized, c arful study, and committing a number of logical fallacies that muddy and diminish the effectiveness of his argument.Throughout his essay, Bennett makes many underlying surmisals intimately same sex couples and the legitimation of homosexual marriage. From the beginning, Bennett states that even entertain such a debate would be pointless, were it not for the confused time we find ourselves in (409). Bennett does concede, however, that arguments made by homosexual advocates such as Andrew Sullivan ar intelligent ones, and even conservative, and politically shrewd (409), when touching on the idea that allowing gay marriage would actually promote healthy long term relationships. Sullivan does an clear job of arguing his point that juristicization of gay marriage would in fact,help promote healthy relationships and monogamous tendencies, which in his essay he states that the legalization of gay marriage would in fact in like manner encourage homosexuals to make a deeper commitment to one ano ther and to society (409).From here though, for William Bennett the views expressed in his editorial piece are clear cut, simple, and largely dismissive in their tone. Besides this claim, to Bennett there are no reasons in his mind why gay marriage should be legal. Bennett admits, though Sullivans argument is shrewd, Sullivan is not right. In fact, Bennett would insist and has an underlying assumption in his essay that gay marriages will cave in the institution of marriage even more and will not be truly monogamous and committed to each other because of the openness of gay relationships and that homosexuals have less restrained sexual practices (410). Bennetts continuous assumptions that gays cannot be truly monogamous and committed shows that to him there exists no room for compromise on the matter, and weakens the strength of his argument.Bennett also throughout his essay makes many fallacious arguments for lawsuit, in his opening, Bennett makes a very strong assertion if not an outright overstatement, when he says that recognizing homosexual marriage would symbolize the potent change in the interpretation and characterization of marriage, and would be the most radical step ever taken in the deconstruction of societys most important institution (409). Of course, Bennett is respected for his personal opinions, but the reader may wonder if any studies or expert opinions exist to co-occurrence Bennetts view, to which he has none. This yet again takes away from the strength of his argument because, unlike in Ryan Andersons Marriage What It Is, Why It Matters and the Consequences of Redefining It where claim after claim Anderson presents the reader with numerous statistics and expert testimony on why marriage should not be changed and the repercussions and dangers of gay marriage being legalized.Anderson presents the argument that marriage exists to diddle a man and a woman together as husband and wife, to be father and mother to any children they create. And erson states that marriage increases the chances that the man will be devoted to both the children that he helps produce, and to the woman with whom he does so. Anderson then backs this up with testimony from Maggie Gallagher, a popular social conservativecommentator, that joining sex, babies, and moms and dads, is the role of marriage and helps explain why the government rightly respects and addresses this feature of our social lives. In the near paragraph, Bennett wishinging to suppress the movement toward the redefinition of marriage, cites the rather peculiar example of two brothers On what principled grounds could the advocates of same-sex marriage oppose the marriage of two consenting brothers? (409). By citing two homosexual brothers, Bennett commits the straw man fallacy.That is, he reasons from an exceptional case that defies logic and, once recognized, does little for his argument. Who else has ever seen such an extreme example? Is this a real pair of brothers, or are th ey except made up and cited for the sake of argument? Whether or not these brothers are fictitious is never stated, but as Andrew Sullivan puts it in his essay For Gay Marriage, the right to marry has been appropriately denied by the state to close family members and relatives because familial emotional ties are too powerful to permit a marriage geld to be entered freely by two independent adults (404). In this regard, Sullivan believes homosexuals do not fit into the same category. To believe that the realization of allowing same sex marriage would lead to the further breakdown of laws governing familial misconduct, such as incest or polygamy, is outlandish. It appears that one logical fallacy breeds another, as in the very next paragraph, Bennett commits what seems to be a glaring over-generalization.He states Nor is this view arbitrary or idiosyncratic (409), to say marriages, especially in todays society, cannot be impulsive or happen by chance because thats what has gone on for thousands of years or what the major religions state is ridiculous. Even though at one point marriage was seen as a way to increase survival chances and secure your livelihood, it is no longer viewed that way. We no longer live in the centre ages or the 1800s. People today marry for love and their emotional bonds with people, and loves intrinsic value is to be random and can happen to anyone. Nor should unearthly traditions dictate whether gay marriage should be legalized or not, as today there are numerous homosexuals in all branches of major religions there are gay bishops and preachers, this shows that both religion and homosexuals can coexist and be beneficial to society.Bennetts final strong claim about gay marriage is that the legalization ofsame-sex marriage will lead to teens being confused about their sexuality, conservative parents will be denied their rights to instill their values about sexuality to their children, and that heterosexuals are infract parents than t heir homosexual counterparts. Bennett makes many over generalizations about the impact the signals of legalizing gay marriage would send to teens. Bennett almost contradicts himself with the inclusion of the quote from Harvard professor E.L. Patullo, a very material number of people are born with the latent to live either straight or gay lives (410). Many people are born with the potential to lead gay or straight lives, it is a choice, and the legalization of gay marriage would not cause societal indifference, but would rather foster a welcoming environment for young gays to come out into rather than living in fear or shame because of the hate and repercussions of being homosexual.Bennett also over generalizes the findings of an article about teenagers and adults being interviewed about being gay and bisexual. Fifty kids and dozens of parents and counselors does not speak for the whole population of a country, but also shows the weakness of Bennetts argument as it shows the lack o f actual education there is in much of the country on the subject of homosexuality. Bennett also makes assumptions about how conservative parents will lose the right to teach their kids their views on sexuality if same sex marriage were legalized. Just because gay marriage would be legal and the subject of homosexuality would be taught in school more does not mean at home parents could not teach their children their values.If parents did however, cause an uproar and honour their children from being exposed to certain views on homosexuality just because they didnt want that to happen, they would be viewed as intolerant bigots (411). Finally Bennett makes a glaring assumption and overgeneralization stating that it is far better for a child to be raised by a heterosexual couple rather than by, say, two homosexual males (411). In the pick out Daddy & Papa it shows four separate families, all homosexual males, and how they all care, love, and are just as capable of raising children as heterosexual couples. They want nothing more for their children than what any heterosexual couple would want for their kids, the best possible life.Bennett may believe that the legalization of gay marriage will set down theinstitution of marriage, but time after time homosexuals have proven they are just as capable of fulfilling the duties of marriage as heterosexuals, and it is a part of our society today. To have equality for all citizens, it is a right that will soon have to occur.Work CitedSullivan, Andrew. For Gay Marriage. Writing and Reading across the Curriculum. 11 ed. Ed. Suzanne Phelps Chambers. Boston Longman, 2011. 404-407. Print.Anderson, Ryan T. Marriage What It Is, Why It Matters, and the Consequences of Redefining It. _The Heritage Foundation_. The Heritage Foundation, 11 Mar. 2013. Web. 25 Sept. 2014_Daddy & Papa A Documentary Film_. Prod. Johnny. Symons. Dir. Johnny. Symons. By Johnny. Symons. 2002.

Master of Business Administration Essay

International assembly line is a term lend oneselfd to collectively describe topics relating to the operations of firms with interests in several countries. Such firms ar close to sentences called multinational corporations (MNCs)1. Points of discussion with this topic may include ethnical discoverations, which itself may include differences in law and judicial corpse, language barriers, living standards, temper and to a greater extent. These get to be overcome for a MNC to be successful in an overseas venture.A fashion of company in worldwide telephone line is an IBC. An IBC ( global pedigree corporation) is a form of offshore company. IBCs include banks, insurance companies, and trading firms.Well known examples of MNCs include fastfood companies McDonalds and Yum Brands, vehicle manuf exploiturers like General Motors and Toyota, consumer electronics companies like LG, Sony, mho A.G. and General Electric. MNCs usually have a subsidiary or an interest over a company i n the country of venture.One of the endpoints on the increase success of International trading organization ventures is Globalization.The worldwide environment is rattling important today. Globalisation, the process whereby fe ares develop worldwide brands and overlaps which they supply across the world, and in which they employ labor party in many incompatible countries, has transformed business relations.The international environment2 is the inter momention in the midst of (1) the home(prenominal) environmental forces and the foreign environmental forces and (2) the foreign environmental forces of sensation country and those of an separate country.According to Porter, the international environment is characterized by the following trends* Reduction in the differences among countries. The economic differences among developed and newly developed countries sees to be constraining in argonas like income, factor costs, energy costs, marketing practices, and distri justion channels.* More combative industrial policies. Governments like Japan, South Korea, and West Germany are taking aggressive postures to stimulate industry in carefully selected sectors. This form _or_ system of government is giving firms in such countries the support to make bold moves into new markets.* National recognition and protect distinctive assets. The proactive exploitation of such distinctive assets as natural resources (e.g., oil, copper, tin, rubber) by establishments is a reflection of changing philosophy toward industrial policy. This trend has potentially fundamentalimplications for world competition.* Freer flow of technology. The increased flow of technology from country to country tends to promote more global competition.* Gradual emergence of new large-scale markets. China, Russia, and possibly India may ultimately emerge as huge markets in the future. Thus, gaining access to these markets may well become a crucial strategic multivariate in the future.* Competi tion from newly developing countries. Developing countries are increasingly well prepared to make major capital investments in large-scale facilities, sharp to prove to buy or licence the latest technology, aggressively to take enormous risk.The net result of these changing currents has been to make the international arena a fiercely competitive market interject in which the standards of competitive success have risen dramatically in the last few decades. There have been some cross-currents that have made the pattern of international competition rattling complex and different from earlier competitive strategies of the 1950s. These cross-currents are3Slowing rates of economic growth.Eroding qualitys of comparative profit.New forms of protectionism.New types of government inducementPro mannerrating coalitions among firms from different countries. Rowing ability to tailor to local conditionsBecause of the currents and cross-currents, many more firms have become international in th eir strategies and operations. The recent strategies revolve around several themes described by Porter There is no one pattern of international competition nor one type of global strategy. The globalization of competition has become the rule rather than the exception by 1986.The nature of international competition has agitated markedly in the last dickens decades. Implementing a global approach to strategy requires a difficult organizational reorientation for many firms.The international environment consists of4competitorsthe economic systemthe social systemthe monetary systemthe political/legal systemthe environmental system.Competitors actions partake the ability of the business to make profits, because competitors will continually seek to gain an advantage over each early(a), by differentiating their product and service, and by seeking to provide better value for money.The economic system is the organisation of the economy to allocate singular resources. The economy tends to go through and through periods of faster and slower growth. Businesses prosper when the economy is booming and living standards are rising.The social system is the fabric of ideas, attitudes and behaviour patterns that are involved in human relationships. In situation businesses are influenced by consumer attitudes and behaviours which be on such factors as the age structure of the population, and the nature of crop and leisure.The monetary system facilitates business ex diverseness. Monetary activity is based around earning, spending, saving and borrowing. Money has been likened to the oil that lubricates the wheels of commerce. Monetary activity involves businesses in a tissue of relationships involving financial institutions (e.g. banks and building societies), creditors, debtors, customers and suppliers. A key monetary influence for business is the interest rate. Higher interest rates increase business costs and act as a break on spending in the economy.The political/legal system creates the rules and frameworks within which business operates. Government policy supports and encourages some business activities e.g. enterprise, while discouraging other(a)s e.g the creation of pollution.The environmental system is the natural system in which life takes place. Increasingly businesses have become aware of the relationship between their economic activity i.e. fashioning goods and services for profits and the effects that this has on the environmental system.International business differs from its domestic counterpart5 in that it involves three environments domestic, foreign and international environments instead of one. While environmental forces can be equal in domestic and foreign environments their impact and values often differ creating ambiguity and making the impact of decisions difficult to assess. These environments create an additional layer of complexity requiring business leaders to have a solid understanding of business concepts and techniqu es used twain in home and soldiers countries in which they operate. Better understanding of the environmental forces in the host country in which a business operates will throw in the towel business leaders to decide if a concept or technique (1) can be transferred to another country as is, (2) must(prenominal) be equal to local conditions, or (3) cannot be used altogether.Differences between international environment and domestic environment6Today, business is acknowledged to be international and there is a general expectation that this will continue for the foreseeable future. International business may be delineate simply as business transactions that take place across national borders. This broad definition includes the very small firm that exports (or imports) a small quantity to only one country, as well as the very large global firm with integrated operations and strategic alliances around the world. Within this broad array, distinctions are often made among different t ypes of international firms, and these distinctions are swear outful in understanding a firms strategy, organization,and functional decisions (for example, its financial, administrative, marketing, human resource, or operations decisions).One distinction that can be helpful is the distinction between multi-domestic operations, with independent subsidiaries which act essentially as domestic firms, and global operations, with integrated subsidiaries which are closely related and interconnected. These may be thought of as the two ends of a continuum, with many possibilities in between. Firms are unlikely to be at one end of the continuum, though, as they often combination aspects of multi-domestic operations with aspects of global operations.Domestic and international enterprises, in both the public and private sectors, share the business objectives of functioning successfully to continue operations. Private enterprises seek to function profitably as well. Why, then, is international business different from domestic? The answer lies in the differences across borders. Nation-states generally have unique government systems, laws and regulations, currencies, taxes and duties, and so on, as well as different cultures and practices. An individual travelling from his home country to a foreign country needs to have the proper documents, to sustain foreign currentness, to be able to communicate in the foreign country, to be dressed appropriately, and so on. Doing business in a foreign country involves similar issues and is thus more complex than doing business at home.LITERATURE REVIEWA business does not function in a vacuum. It has to act and react to what happens extraneous the factory and office walls. These factors that happen outside the business are known as external factors or influences. These will affect the main inseparable functions of the business and possibly the objectives of the business and its strategies.Main FactorsThe main factor that affects mos t business is the degree of competition how fiercely other businesses compete with the products that another business makes. The other factors that can affect the business areSocial how consumers, households and communities behave and their beliefs. For instance, changes in attitude towards health, or a greater number of pensioners in a population. Legal the instruction in which legislation in society affects the business. E.g. changes in employment laws on working hours. sparing how the economy affects a business in terms of taxation, government spending, general demand, interest rates, exchange rates and European and global economic factors. Political how changes in government policy might affect the business e.g. a decision to subsidise building new houses in an area could be good for a local brick works. Technological how the rapid tread of change in production processes and product innovation affect a business. Ethical what is regarded as morally right or wrong for a business to do. For instance should it take with countries which have a poor record on human rights.Changing External EnvironmentMarkets are changing all the time. It does depend on the type of product the business modernises, however a business needs to react or lose customers. Some of the main reasons why markets change rapidlyCustomers develop new needs and wants.New competitors enter a market.New technologies mean that new products can be made.A world or countrywide event happens e.g. Gulf War or foot and mouth disease. Government introduces new legislation e.g. increases minimum wage. Business and CompetitionThough a business does not want competition from other businesses, inevitably most will manifestation a degree of competition. The amount and type of competition depends on the market the business operates in Many small rival businesses e.g. a shopping mall or city centre arcade close rivalry. A few large rival firms e.g. washing powder or Coke and Pepsi. A rapidly ch anging market e.g. where the technology is being developed very quickly the mobile phone market. A business could react to an increase in competition (e.g. a launch of rival product) in the following slipway Cut prices (but can reduce profits)Improve quality (but increases costs)Spend more on promotion (e.g. do more advertising, increase brand loyalty but costs money) Cut costs, e.g. use cheaper materials, make some workers redundantPolitical EnvironmentEach country varies regarding international share and resettlement of foreign plants on its native soil. Some countries openly court foreign companies and encourage them to invest in their country by offering reduced taxes or some other investment incentives. other(a) countries impose strict regulations that can cause large companies to leave and open a plant in a country that provides more favorable operating conditions. When a company decides to conduct business in another country, it should also consider the political stabili ty of the host countrys government. Unstable leadership can create significant problems in recouping profits if the government falls of the host country and/or changes its policy towards foreign trade in and investment. Political instability is often caused by severe economic conditions that result in civil unrest. some other key aspect of international trade is gainful for a product in a foreign currency. This practice can create potential problems for a company, since any currency is playing field to price fluctuation.A company could lose money if the value of the foreign currency is reduced before it can be exchanged into the desired currency. Another issue regarding currency is that some nations do not have the necessary cash. Instead, they engage in counter trade, which involves the direct or indirect exchange of goods for other goods instead of for cash. return trade follows the same principles as bartering, a practice that stretches back into prehistory. A car company mi ght trade new cars to a foreign government in exchange for high-quality steel that would be more costly to buy on the open market. The company can then use the steel to produce new cars for sale. In a more extreme case, some countries do not want to engage in free trade with other nations, a choice known as self-sufficiency. There are many reasons for this choice, but the most important is the existence of strong political beliefs.For example, the former Soviet northern and its communist ally traded only with each other because the Soviet Union feared that Western countries would attempt to control their governments through trade. Self-sufficiency allowed the Soviet Union and its allies to avoid that possibility. However, these self-imposed trade restrictions created a shortage of products that could not be produced among the group, making theoverall quality of life within the Soviet bloc good lower than in the West since consumer demand could not be met. When the Berlin Wall cam e down, trade with the West was resumed, and the shortage of products was reduced or eliminated.Social Environment and officeSocial change is when the people in the community adjust their attitudes to way they live. Businesses will need to adjust their products to meet these changes, e.g. taking sugar out of childrens drinks, because parents feel their children are having too much sugar in their diets. The business also needs to be aware of their social responsibilities. These are the way they act towards the different parts of society that they come into contact with. Legislation covers a number of the areas of responsibility that a business has with its customers, employees and other businesses. It is also important to consider the effects a business can have on the local community. These are known as the social receiptss and social costs. A social benefit is where a business action leads to benefits above and beyond the direct benefits to the business and/or customer.For exampl e, the building of an attractive new factory provides employment opportunities to the local community. A social cost is where the action has the reverse effect there are costs imposed on the rest of society, for instance pollution. These extra benefits and costs are distinguished from the private benefits and costs directly attributable to the business. These extra cost and benefits are known as externalities external costs and benefits. Governments encourage social benefits through the use of subsidies and grants (e.g. regional assistance for undeveloped areas). They also discourage social costs with fines, taxes and legislation.Political EnvironmentEach country varies regarding international trade and relocation of foreign plants on its native soil. Some countries openly court foreign companies and encourage them to invest in their country by offering reduced taxes or some other investment incentives. Other countries impose strict regulations that can cause large companies to le ave and open a plant in a country that provides more favorable operating conditions. When a company decides to conduct business in another country, it should also consider the political stability of the host countrys government. Unstable leadership can createsignificant problems in recouping profits if the government falls of the host country and/or changes its policy towards foreign trade and investment. Political instability is often caused by severe economic conditions that result in civil unrest.Another key aspect of international trade is paying for a product in a foreign currency. This practice can create potential problems for a company, since any currency is subject to price fluctuation. A company could lose money if the value of the foreign currency is reduced before it can be exchanged into the desired currency. Another issue regarding currency is that some nations do not have the necessary cash. Instead, they engage in counter trade, which involves the direct or indirect exchange of goods for other goods instead of for cash. Counter trade follows the same principles as bartering, a practice that stretches back into prehistory. A car company might trade new cars to a foreign government in exchange for high-quality steel that would be more costly to buy on the open market. The company can then use the steel to produce new cars for sale. In a more extreme case, some countries do not want to engage in free trade with other nations, a choice known as self-sufficiency.There are many reasons for this choice, but the most important is the existence of strong political beliefs. For example, the former Soviet Union and its communist allies traded only with each other because the Soviet Union feared that Western countries would attempt to control their governments through trade. Self-sufficiency allowed the Soviet Union and its allies to avoid that possibility. However, these self-imposed trade restrictions created a shortage of products that could not be prod uced among the group, making the overall quality of life within the Soviet bloc well lower than in the West since consumer demand could not be met. When the Berlin Wall came down, trade with the West was resumed, and the shortage of products was reduced or eliminated.Economic EnvironmentAn important factor influencing international trade is taxes. Of the different taxes that can be applied to imported goods, the most common is a tariff, which is generally defined as an excise tax imposed on imported goods. A country can have several reasons for imposing a tariff. For example, a revenue enhancement tariff may be applied to an imported product that is also produced domestically. The primary reason for this type of tariff is togenerate revenue that can be used later by the government for a variety of purposes. This tariff is normally set at a low level and is usually not considered a threat to international trade. When domestic manufacturers in a particular industry are at a disadva ntage, vis--vis imports, the government can impose what is called a tutelary tariff. This type of tariff is designed to make foreign products more expensive than domestic products and, as a result, protect domestic companies.A protective tariff is normally very popular with the affected domestic companies and their workers because they benefit most directly from it. In retaliation, a country that is affected by a protective tariff will frequently enact a tariff of its own on a product from the original tariff enacting country. In 1930, for example, the U.S. intercourse passed the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, which provided the means for placing protective tariffs on imports. The United States imposed this protective tariff on a wide variety of products in an attempt to help protect domestic producers from foreign competition. This legislation was very popular in the United States, because the Great Depression had just begun, and the tariff was seen as helping U.S. workers. However, th e tariff caused immediate retaliation by other countries, which immediately imposed protective tariffs of their own on U.S. products. As a result of these protective tariffs, world trade was severely reduced for nearly all countries, causing the wealth of each affected nation to drop, and increasing unemployment in most countries.Realizing that the 1930 tariffs were a mistake, Congress took disciplinal action by passing the Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act of 1934, which empowered the president to reduce tariffs by 50 percent on goods from any other country that would agree to similar tariff reductions. The goal was to promote more international trade and help establish more cooperation among merchandise countries. Another form of a trade barrier that a country can employ to protect domestic companies is an import quota, which strictly limits the amount of a particular product that a foreign country can export to the quota-enacting country. A government can also use a nontariff bar rier to help protect domestic companies. A nontariff barrier usually refers to government requirements for licenses, permits, or significant amounts of paperwork in order to allow imports into its country.Cultural EnvironmentBefore a corporation begins exporting products to other countries, it must first examine the norms, taboos, and values of those countries. This information can be critical to the successful introduction of a product into a particular country and will influence how it is sold and/or marketed. Such information can prevent cultural blunders, such as the one General Motors pull when trying to sell its Chevy Nova in Spanish-speaking countries. Nova, in Spanish, means doesnt goand few people would purchase a car named doesnt go. This marketing errorresulting simply from ignorance of the Spanish languagecost General Motors millions in initial salesas well as considerable embarrassment. Business professionals also need to be aware of foreign customs regarding standard business practices.For example, people from some countries like to sit or stand very close when conducting business. In contrast, people from other countries want to maintain a spatial distance between them and the people with whom they are conducting business. Thus, before business-people travel overseas, they must be given training on how to conduct business in the country to which they are traveling. Business professionals also run into another practice that occurs in some countriesbribery. The practice of bribery is common in several countries and is considered a normal business practice. If the bribe is not paid to a businessperson from a country where bribery is expected, a transaction is unlikely to occur. Laws in some countries prohibit businesspeople from paying or accepting bribes. As a result, navigating this legal and cultural thicket must be done very carefully in order to maintain full compliance with the law.Physical EnvironmentOther factors that influence internation al trading activities are related to the visible environment. Natural physical features, such as mountains and rivers, and human-made structures, such as bridges and roads, can have an impact on international trading activities. For example, a large number of potential customers may live in a country where natural physical barriers, such as mountains and rivers, make getting the product to market nearly impossible.EXAMPLES mark & Spencer9As an organisation develops, it creates working practices within the business that reflect its way of doing things. These practices become embedded in decisions and operations. The way of doing things guides and influences employees as they carry out their work. However, when organisations develop a new business strategy this creates a process of change. This leads to different ways of working.Company background10With more than 120 years of heritage, Marks & Spencer is one of the best-known British retailers. The company has more than 450 stores wi thin the UK and employs more than 65,000 people. It also operates outside the UK where it has a developing business in places as far afield as Hong Kong. In recent years, the UKs retailing industry has been characterised by giganticing competition. Customers are more aware of where and how they want to shop. They also know what sort of shopping experience they require. This has made it much more difficult for retailers to survive.Facing the challengesThe result was that Marks & Spencer had to develop a new business strategy. This created a period of change for the whole organisation. The period of change involved refocusing the business upon the basics. This include the three business values of Quality, Value, and Service. Marks & Spencer developed a promotional campaign that emphasised Your M&S. This helped the company to connect customers with the heritage in the business. It also linked the business in the minds of customers with its two other values of Innovation and Trust.The process involved three key features developing products that customers wanted investing in the environment within storesproviding good customer service to look after customers.These changes have created a business environment with more challenges for employees. Managers had to prepare employees for any(prenominal) role they would be asked to undertake in this new environment. The answer was to develop career paths for the employees. This case study looks at the processes of training and development at Marks & Spencer. It shows how this helped employees tocope with the challenges they faced and created a career path for them.Mc Donalds11McDonalds is one of only a handful of brands that command instant recognition in virtually every country in the world. It has more than 30,000 restaurants in over 119 countries, serving around 50 million people every day.All businesses face challenges every day. One of the major challenges facing McDonalds is managing stock. Stock management involves creating a balance between meeting customers needs whilst at the same time minimising waste. Waste is reduced by 1. completed prefigureing of demand so that products do not have to be thrown away as often. 2. Accurate stock control of the raw materials.Stock management involves creating a balance between meeting customers needs whilst at the same time minimising waste. This is an increasingly punk rocker balancing act. As customer tastes change, McDonalds needs to increase the range of new products it offers, so the challenge of reducing waste becomes even greater. Why change was needed12In the past, stock ordering was the responsibility of individual restaurant managers. They ordered stock using their local knowledge, as well as data on what the store sold the previous day, week and month. For example, if last weeks sales figures showed they sold 100 units of coffee and net sales were rising at 10%, they would expect to sell 110 units this week. However, this was a simple metho d and involved no calculations to take account of factors such as national promotions or school holidays. It took up a lot of the Restaurant Managers time, leaving them less time to concentrate on delivering quality food, service and cleanliness in the restaurants.The new systemIn 2004, McDonalds introduced a specialist central stock management function known as the Restaurant Supply formulation Department. This team communicates with restaurant managers on a regular basis to find out local events. Theteam builds these factors into the new planning and forecasting system (called Manugistics) to forecast likely demand of finished menu items (e.g.Big Macs). This case study looks at how McDonalds manages its stock through its management systems and what benefits this brings.ConclusionThe world has a long history of international trade. In fact, trading among nations can be traced back to the earliest civilizations. Trading activities are directly related to an improved quality of life for the citizens of nations involved in international trade. It is safe to say that nearly every person on earth has benefited from international trading activities.International business grew substantially in the second half of the twentieth century, and this growth is likely to continue. The international environment is complex and it is very important for firms to understand this environment and make useful choices in this complex environment. In this assignment we examined the characteristics of an international environment, the differences between international environment and domestic environment and then the constrains, difficulties, benefits and opportunities having in mind social cultural factors, political factors, and legal, environment. Finally we outlined the cases of famous firms. The topic of international business is itself complex, and this discussion serves only to introduce a few ideas on international business issues.BIBLIOGRAPHYBooksBuckley, P.J., ed. What is International Business? Basingstoke, Hampshire New York, NY Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. Churchill, G., and Peter, P. (1995). Marketing Creating Value for Customers. Austen Press Daniels, J.D., and L.H. Radebaugh International Business. Environments and Operations. Reading, MA Addison-Wesley, 1997. Hofstede, G. Cultures Consequences Individual Differnces in Work link up Values. Beverly Hills, CA Sage Publications, 1980.Internet SitesWikipedia.http//www.thetimes100.co.uk/company_list.phpwww.mcdonalds.comwww.marksandspencer.comhttp//applications-of-strategic-management.24xls.com/en128http//www.tamu-commerce.edu/genbus/walkerwww.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Gr-Int/International-Business

Sexual Harrassement vs. Public Relations

Public Relations vs. Sexual Harassment Eric Reidenbach CGD 318 Professor LaKisha Bryant August 12, 2010 Public Relations vs. Sexual Harassment Sexual Harassment ignore be a huge distraction and could destroy a coursees work environment. The effects are damaging to an organization and do not only alter the soulfulness being harassed but also fellow employees, the harasser, and the organization. Sexual molestation is when someone uses intimate deportment to control a mortal, whether it is behavioral or physical in nature, which makes you detect uncomfort adequate.This paper on this issue exit include what exactly stimulateual anguish is, the effects on the cozy worrying has on the somebody, employees, and workplace, and the different procedures and processes to prevent such teddys. According to the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission informal harassment is define as Unwel seeded player cozy advances, requests for knowledgeable favors, and other verbal or physical expatriate of a sexual nature constitute sexual harassment when (1) submission to such conduct is made either emplicitly or implicitly a term or condition of an individuals employment (2) submission to, or rule inion of, uch conduct by an individual is employ as the basis for employment decisions touching such individual or (3) such conduct has the purpose or effect of substantially interfering with an individuals work performance or creating an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment (Paludi, Michele A. , Barickman, Richard B. , page 3). Some of the well-nigh common forms of sexual harassment charges come because a soul sprightlinesss they are being harassed or singled taboo when they hurt their business concern, benefits or privileges or more commonly when they are fired because they reject a sexual advance from a superior.This form of sexual harassment is the most common in that a superior often times will promise a person job security if they do sexual favors for them. However, if that person refuses the advances the boss or supervisory program wills often times fire that person figuring that they do not want that person telling others what happened and by firing them they have control of the situation. Most times sexual harassment is a sense of power for the accused and they feel that with the power they have that they go off sway the judgments of others, and often times do so until someone stands up to them.The split second type of sexual harassment is when the harassment interferes with an employees ability to perform his/her job duties and it creates an intimidating work atmosphere. Often times this is caused by fellow employees, supervisors, or outside vendors or business people. This type of harassment usually involves flirting, physical contact, whistling, sexual pictures or jokes, and so on. As stated previously, there are dickens types of sexual harassment that whitethorn occur in the workplace. Sexual harassment cea se occur in any number of circumstances. For example, the victim as hearty as the harasser may be a woman or a man.The victim does not necessarily have to be of the opposite sex either. In addition, the victim does not necessarily have to be the one being harassed, but could be anyone that is offended by a persons conduct, and the harassers conduct must be unwelcome. While the conduct of the harasser must be unwelcome, it must also be undesirable. The harassers intent and behavior are based on the perception of the victim. many another(prenominal) times the one being accused of harassment may not even know he did anything wrong if he was still telling a joke to a friend and a fellow co-worker was near by and overheard the joke and took offensive to it.In addition the harassers intent or joke may not be sexual in nature at all, but their actions may be gulln as sexually suggestive or uncomfortable by others. Therefore, we turn to how sexual harassment affects the person being h arassed. In general, most people would assume that women are the ones in this economy to be sexually harassed then that of men, and you would be right. However, More then 200 men charge up sexual harassment charges each year with the Equal Employment Opportunities Commission, thats astir(predicate) one-tenth of the number of cases commoved by women.But more men will begin sexual harassment over the coming years as women assume more positions of power in corporate America. In addition to this stat The American psychological Association estimates that 71 percent of working women will be subjected to sexual harassment during their careers. These stats alone show how sexual harassment is typically known as just being a trouble for females, but as times change and women become more valuable and highly regarded in the workplace, that sexual harassment is now becoming more of a problem for men as well.The effect on an individual who is being harassed is crippling and can affect them i n many ways. When being sexually harassed the victims job performance, life, and family and social familys could be negatively affected. A persons job performance will around definitely be affected as they may be afraid to say anything to anyone there as they may feel that no one will ever believe them and that they are just trying to damage their supervisors reputation. Not only will they be hesitant about saying anything, but they will also be weary of all that they do as not to lead on the person mint candying the harassment.The effects of sexual harassment will not end there as when the victim goes home they may feel as if they are cheating on their spouse by not saying anything or taking action against the harasser and it may make them irritable and ruin their relationship at home. Even in the case were the person does story the harasser they may still deal with issues outside the workplace in the case that the supervisor is well complyed among the community and no one may believe the victim and think they are just making up stories to get earlier in life.It is because of these perceptions of sexual harassment that many people keep sexual advances and harassment to themselves and do not say anything. In many cases as well, the victim may choose not to say anything as they will be afraid of how the workplace will take the accusations and how the news would affect the company. For this reason it shows how the person is not the only person impacted by a sexual harassment accusation but how the workplace is affected as a hale as well.When a case of sexual harassment arises everyone is affected including fellow employees, supervisors, and managers as they will all be questioned and asked if they have ever noticed anything going away on before. This is what you call a hostile work environment and no one ever wants to work in that type of a workplace. When this happens the productivity almost always diminishes, integrity and trust is tarnished as a whole, it becomes difficult to manage, and the publics image of the company is at risk.For these reasons this is why many companies when faced with sexual harassment charges choose to deal with the case outside of court and make a settlement that way. If the company chooses to fight the charges then they risk them losing the case and last losing valuable respect within the publics image in the situation that they lose the case. I guess you could call this way of settling a fail-safe as the company does not want to give up but they also do not want to lose the case and in return lose customers and business and go bankrupt or close.By settling behind closed doors and out of court the company ends up saving possibly millions of dollars and being able to move on without having the whole world knowing about what happened. Once this is dealt with it is then up to that company to deal with the problem inside its doors and getting the companies employees chaste back up and back to working. So, in the case that you are being sexually harassed you should simply start by asking the person that you feel is harassing you to stop what they are doing and if they do not that you will be forced to take action and file a complaint.Many times this simple act can save a lot of trouble for both parties and the work force. However, if the problem does not end there then you will be forced to report the issue to higher authorities and have them investigate the situation and take care of it. This is why it is very important that every job addresses their employees on how to deal with harassment in the workplace, because harassment charges adversely affects all components of the organization. Everyone in the organization should understand what harassment is, the danger, and how it can be prevented.Prevention is the best tool to eliminate sexual harassment in the workplace, and the employers should take all the necessary bars in order to prevent sexual harassment from occurring. There are a few steps that can be instituted by organizations to prevent sexual harassment from occurring. The first step is to develop a written sexual harassment insurance prohibiting harassing conduct, action, and behavior. The policy should be distributed to all the employees and state how they have the right to work in an environment free from harassment.It should also inform them how when they report harassment that they are also safe from retaliation from reporting a person and that any type of retaliation is a violation of state and federal law. The second step is to communicate these policies to all the employees in the workplace. This can be done in many ways and the most common form is by providing training seminars per annum to keep these policies fresh in everyones minds so that they know what can happen to them if they choose not to listen.Other ways to communicate these policies to the employees is by having it in the employees handbooks, and by having the policies posted and many different places throughout the companies buildings and workplace. The third and fourth steps are to have a procedure that all the employees know on how to file a complaint. In addition to that step then the employer then should take appropriate remedial actions to investigate an employees complaint or allegation.By the human resource plane section and employer taking action they show the other employees that they do care about their employees and decrease the likelihood that something like this will happen again in the future. In conclusion I felt that a case study would best describe a lot of what I have just talked about and in this case the book from the ebrary called Internal Affairs The Abuse of Power, Sexual Harassment and Hypocrisy in the Workplace. In this book they talked about a case in which a 28 year old woman filed a sexual harassment case against her manager and stated My personal relationships suffered so oft that I cant really talk about it. I know that I am having trouble trusting people, certainly men. I hope I will be able to go to work for someone again, someday, but I just dont know. Ive doomed my passion for work, I guess. Within a year, I have been sexually harassed, lost my job, my health insurance, and my credit rating, and was faced with great debt and a long climb back to where I was, careerwise. I win $113,000, in the end. How much did it all cost me? In my heart, it cost me everything I was, everything I had, and everything I hoped to be someday.You tell me how you can alter that into money. You Cant. No one can (p. 197). Maggies situation is one many women and men are faced with after a sexual harassment case in which even if they win they are stuck with many bills and many other difficulties in wondering if they are less superior then others. Many times when someone is faced with the question on whether or not to file a case they will look at a case like this and figure that it may be best to just keep quite and ride it out. No one ever wants to lose their personal relationships, job, or respect for just being honest and open about someone else victimizing them.Unfortunately, our world is cruel sometimes and we have people that are just in it to protect themselves no matter how much it hurts others. To every case however, there is another side of the story so I found it very arouse to see how Maggies work superiors responded to her case. The owner of the business responded and said My legal fees are averaging five figures a month. Our public relations agency has added to our needs a crisis plan with a $200,000 budget attached to it. Im in for a million dollars, at the very least, and Shawnas t her desk, figuring out on her calculator how much she can keep after after taxes. The other employees are split on how they feel about her, Frank cant manager her anymore, so shes free to do whatever she wants. other employees resent that shes not doing her share of the work. We havent had comme il faut n umbers come out of that office since the claim was filed (p. 198). The companies response to the claim being filed against their manager, Frank, shocked me as it seemed as though they were only focused on the money they were losing and the work not happening because of the case.It seemed as though they were forgetting the issue at hand and just looking for ways to rebuild there lean and keep the business alive. I understand as a growing company you need to do all you can to keep the respect of your business to protect your name for your publics, but at some point I think you need to address the issue and the harasser as well. In the end, Maggie won less then a third of what she was looking for and lost her sense of who she was and many of her friendships, she was no longer comfortable working.On the other side the company lost its credibility and many of the employees resented their job and did not feel like they were being treated fairly with Maggie just sitting around not doing much of anything. In addition to the millions of dollars for attorneys and human resource people, the company also had to budget $200,000 for a crisis management with public relations. This is why many times you see companies just settle outside of court so that they save all that extra money and are not forced to budget in all those surplus legal fees.It does not say how the company made out after this case but I would assume that they lost the respect of their other employees and the respect of many of their clients in knowing that there was a sexual harassment case going on inside the workplace. Overall, sexual harassment is a crippling subject for workplaces and no penny should be left unspent in educating the employees on the varying forms of sexual harassment and what could happen if you do not take heed to the warnings.There is ultimately no end to sexual harassment ever coming in my mind and the only way to ever tackle this problem is to just keep on telling the employees a bout the problems with it and what may come of it if they choose to not listen to the warnings. Maybe more articles about the harassers in sexual harassment cases and how it affected them and how no place would hire them because of their past, maybe that will put a scare into people and keep them from sexually harassing others.Books talking about cases such as Maggies and telling us how her life is no good anymore is not helping people want to report sexual harassment cases and are only helping the harassers feel like they can get away with it. Bibliography Barickman, Richard B. , and Michele A. Paludi. Academic and Workplace Sexual Harassment A imagery Manual. Albany, New York State University of New York Press, 1991. Cameron, G. T. , Wilcox, D. L. , Reber, B. H. , & Shin, J. Public Relations Today Managing Competition and Conflict. Boston, MA Pearson Edu. Inc, 2008. Hearn, Jeff R. , and Pauline Wendy Parkin. Gender, Sexuality and Violence in Organizations The Unspoken Forces of O rganizational Violations. 1 ed. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage Publications ltd, 2002. Neville, Kathleen. Internal Affairs The Abuse of Power Sexual Harassment and Hypocricy in the Workplace. New York McGraw-Hill, 1999. Saguy, Abigail C. What is Sexual Harassment? From Capitol Hill to the Sorbonne. calcium University of California Press, 2003. Taylor, Joan. Sexual Harassment A Non-Adversarial Approach. NYU Press, 2001.

How to Achieve Your Goals

Achieving Your Goals The greatest discovery of my generation is that human beings can alter their lives by altering their attitudes of mind. lee Iacocca In todays work world you amaze to be aware and be prepared for survival. Awareness starts with accepting the breathless pace of the ever so growing technology and the fact that corporations can no longer guarantee job security. The job requirements modernize changing with the advancements in technology. Lifelong learning is immanent if you want to go with the flow and non drown in it. Up and ahead is not the only direction to move in an organization.If your sole exposition of success is getting promoted or advancing in pay/status/job title, then you are not thinking broadly enough. In the untried world of work, it is important to consider multiple directions in which your career could move and to focus on those moves that serving you develop your employability the most. Focus on progress, not perfection. flexibleness is t he key to it exclusively. Self-Managed learning gives us that flexibility. Below are almost pointers which will help get us to focus on achieving our goals Aims & Requirements First things first. Write carry out clearly what you are aiming at.What do you want to do? Why do you want to do it? Who do you want to be? What would you get out of it? Where do you want to reach? What every(prenominal) would you need to accredit to get there? Now picture yourself there. Keep that in mind always even when you spirit with failures. This will help you keep moving forward. Set achievable and realistic goals. Creating a clock Table Whatever may be our goal, making a sequence table always helps us manage our time properly. For example, If we were on a weight loss goal keeping a record of all our calorie intakes, the time we take to work out along with our daily routine will help us a great deal.We will know where we are going wrong, where we need to improve, what all could be done to help us improve ourselves. It keeps us in check and helps us know our progress. in that respect could be a column in which we can self-assess ourselves (give grades and fun remarks) to motivate and encourage us to go on. Yes, it would be a pain keeping tabs, yet hard work pays more than short cuts ever will. Personal Orientation Personal Orientation helps us to understand how we relate to an environment/situation/relationship. It gives us the opportunity to discover our aptitudes, interests and aspirations.When we are looking for a job in a company, this could help us to know what we can give to them. It could also help us to align our interests to what the company is looking for. For personal orientation you should learn to explore your world. Make mistakes and learn from them. It will help you make better choices accommodate your interests. In short, personal orientation will help you feel more sure of yourself in this complex and ever changing technological world. Deadlines Deadlin es help us to make use of our time more efficiently so as to get maximum output. It also helps to keep laziness at bay.When you know something has to be done within the specified time limit you tend to work harder to get it done. When things get hard we tend to keep it off until the next day. Deadlines keep a check on that. Without the urgency of a hard deadline pushing your work to completion, its easy for you to lose focus. As illustrator Christoph Niemann pointed out in a 99% interview, Deadlines can actually help us by creating a fixed window of opportunity that requires us to be focused, pragmatic and decisive In advertising, and also editorial, when people have 2 days, the briefing is much better, and the discussion is much better.Its not that people just sign off on anything because theyre in a hurry. Theyre just really looking at what they have, and feating to make the best product, and get it done. The problem is when people have too much time on their hands. Because then at some point everybodys going to question, Why did you make it red, not green? and Could we try it upside-down, or left to right? and then at some point it get goings arbitrary. If the anxiety is about the deadline, then the energy really focuses on the result. If there is not anxiety about a deadline, all of the anxiety goes right to the creative part. Review your progress regularly Keep reviewing your progress daily. This will help you get back on track if you go off course. Monitoring your progress might also motivate you to work harder. These could be included in the Time table. Celebrate Congratulate yourself when you manage to get through an especially tough spot. Give yourself a treat. Self-Reflection & staying true to your goals By three methods we may learn apprehension first, by reflection, which is noblest second, by imitation, which is the easiest and third, by experience, which is the most bitter. Confucius How true these words ring. No matter what goals we have se t for ourselves or how efficient we have made our time table unless we really truly believe we are capable of it, we will most probable fail. Self-reflection is important. We have to understand and conquer our fears, come to terms with our cozy self and strengths. This might seem a waste of time for most people but thats not so. Being able to remove all those thoughts and feeling which are holding us back from giving our 100% can open so many doors for us. We will not be xenophobic to take the next step. It will help us grow as a person.We have to believe we can do it. And then we will become what we believe. Making goals is easy, but working towards achieving them might not be so. Anything worth having takes time and effort. So be prepared to face challenges to get what you want. Dont let obstacles damper your desire for success. Even after having set your goals getting started is often the hardest thing to do. But doesnt success taste the sweetest after some hard work? Try to fo llow your plans with a true heart and Im sure youll success in every walk of life. And yes, demand to God He will help you with it all